Earthquakes spread out, so they do less damage the farther they get from the source. Sunlight, for example, can be focused to burn wood. The light intensity is inversely proportional close inversely proportional A relationship between two variables where as one variable increases, the other variable decreases, eg as the volume. Waves can also be concentrated or spread out. For example, the longer deep-heat ultrasound is applied, the more energy it transfers. The energy effects of a wave depend on time as well as amplitude. In fact, a wave’s energy is directly proportional to its amplitude squared because Because work \(W\) is related to force multiplied by distance (\(F_x\)) and energy is put into the wave by the work done to create it, the energy in a wave is related to amplitude. The larger the displacement \(x\) the larger the force \(F = kx\) needed to create it. More quantitatively, a wave is a displacement that is resisted by a restoring force. Large ocean breakers churn up the shore more than small ones. Loud sounds have higher pressure amplitudes and come from larger-amplitude source vibrations than soft sounds. Large-amplitude earthquakes produce large ground displacements. ![]() If the intensity ( I d/d ) of a source is the same in all. Strategy Determine the angle for the double-slit interference fringe, using the equation from Interference, then determine the relative intensity in that direction due to diffraction by using Equation 4.4. For visible light it is expressed in lumens per steradian candela. Calculate the intensity for the fringe at m 1 m 1 relative to I 0, I 0, the intensity of the central peak. ![]() In the case of radiant power, it is expressed in watts per steradian. The amount of energy in a wave is related to its amplitude. It expresses the directionality of the radiated energy and is appropriate for the description of point sources. (credit: Petty Officer 2nd Class Candice Villarreal, U.S. The Richter scale rating of earthquakes is related to both their amplitude and the energy they carry. \): The destructive effect of an earthquake is palpable evidence of the energy carried in these waves.
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